PCB Assembly: Turnkey vs Consignment vs Partial Turnkey

In PCB assembly, sourcing model matters. The three common options are turnkey, consignment, and partial turnkey. Choosing the wrong one can create delays, hidden labor, or inventory problems.

Turnkey assembly

The manufacturer handles PCB fabrication, component sourcing, and assembly. This is the easiest option for most overseas customers.

Consignment assembly

You supply all components, and the manufacturer only performs assembly. This works when you already control inventory or have approved parts in stock.

Partial turnkey

The manufacturer sources standard parts, while you send special or restricted components. This is a common balance between speed and control.

Best choice for most buyers

For prototypes and ordinary production, turnkey is usually the fastest and least stressful option.